At the beginning of the 20e At the turn of the century, it was thought that the planets of the Solar System were formed in a patch of cooling and condensed solar plasma blasted from the Sun by the close passage of a star and the tidal forces created by such a cosmic event. We already knew by studying the density and motion of GazGaz I of the stars The galaxyThe galaxythat it should be very rare. Therefore, it was reasonable to think that the solar system with its procession of planets is rare in the world. The Milky WayThe Milky Way.
In French-speaking multi-platform project on contemporary cosmology From Big Bang to ZindaJean-Pierre Luminet and Hubert Reeves tell us about the Seti program and extraterrestrials (ET). © ECP Group, www.dubigbangauvivant.com, YouTube
The Seti Institute has been hunting ETs for decades.
Over the past two decades it has become abundantly clear that we were wrong. exoplanetsexoplanets Formations around stars now appear to be the rule, not the exception. Protoplanetary diskProtoplanetary disk According to the famous Kant-Laplace scenario, during the 1960s and 1970s the Russian Viktor Safronov and the American George Weatherill made considerable progress.
Is this the same for life and especially for technologically advanced intelligent civilizations? Answering these questions is the goal of the SETI Institute, most of the SETI program that has been running for more than 60 years assumes that some of them use radio waves or beams to detect their technical signatures. are trying LaserLaser Communicating or alluding to other civilizations in the Milky Way.
Unfortunately, the pioneers who were Carl Sagan, Frank Drake and their Russian and Ukrainian colleagues Nikolai Kardashev and Iosif Chklovsky are no longer around to see it and comment on the latest findings from this search.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsGHHITcoVI
A presentation by the Siti Institute. To get a fairly accurate French translation, click on the white rectangle at the bottom right. Then the English subtitles should appear. Then click on the nut to the right of the rectangle, then on “Subtitles” and finally on “Automatic translation”. Select “French”. © Citi Institute
However, in May 2016, a groupAstronomersAstronomers caused a sensation by announcing the detection of three exoplanets around the star 2MASS J23062928-0502285 at about 40 light yearslight years of the sun, i The constellationThe constellation of Aquarius. was discovered using the method of Transits of planetsTransits of planets Using the Trappist (Small Telescope for Planets and Transiting Planets))and BinocularsBinoculars Only 60 cm in diameter at La Silla Observatory (ThatThat), in Chile, administered by the University of Liège in Belgium. Hence the name Trappist-1 was changed, the star being one of them. Red DwarfRed Dwarf Kind of M8M8 Called Ultra Cold. They are not very large and therefore much less shiny. However, they represent no less than 18 percent of the stars near the Sun, a potential number of several hundred.
The age of Trappist 1—estimated from the theory of stellar composition and related measurements—would be at least 500 million years, but possibly as many as several billion years. Since then, it has finally been proven that there are not three, but at least seven rocky planets, some of which are potentially habitable.
A presentation of the latest discoveries surrounding Trappist-1. To get a fairly accurate French translation, click on the white rectangle at the bottom right. Then the English subtitles should appear. Then click on the nut to the right of the rectangle, then on “Subtitles” and finally on “Auto-Translate”. Select “French”. © NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
We do not know how long it took for life to appear on Earth, but it is very likely that it happened very quickly, less than a few hundred million years. Some of the planets around Trappist-1 may have some life forms. However, if this is indeed the case, they must be early if we consider that what happened on Earth is not unique to the Milky Way and that the star is still young.
However, a few years ago, members of the Seti Institute undertook to track down the still famous Allen Telescope Array (ATA) Radio waves from a possible technologically advanced extraterrestrial civilization, located in the Trappist-1 planetary system.
A galactic empire and planets in radio communication?
For these exobiologists, the fact that intelligent life might not have had time to appear, and evolve, in the Trappist-1 system would actually be an asset. In fact, this intelligent life does not exist, so it cannot prevent a galactic civilization in the Milky Way from colonizing some of its planets. Therefore, if two planets are indeed part of a galactic empire, they may be in constant communication via radio beams.
Trappist-1 exoplanets are observed using the planetary transit method, so it is possible that they may occur periodically (this period should be short orbitorbit Planets located in Residential areaResidential area) The radio wave beams connecting the two planets also connect Earth, betraying the presence of this empire.
As explained in a press release from the SETI Institute, undeterred by the negative results nearly a decade ago, some of its members, along with other researchers at Penn State University in the United States, Together with the same method used to find ATA againbackbitingbackbiting Planetary planets, signs of extraterrestrial technology star systemstar system From Trappist-1. Observations lasted a total of 28 hours.
Millions of signals have been tested with ATA technology that has been updated over the years. But, as explained in the open access publication. arXivno technical signature has yet been detected in the Trappist-1 system.
Sittie’s press release, however, mentions the comments of Nick Tose, a thesis student at Penn State University: ” This work shows that we are getting closer to detecting radio signals sent into space. Most research assumes some intent, such as beacons, because our receivers have limited sensitivityExclusionExclusion More than anything else we send involuntarily. But, like the future with better devices Square kilometer array (SKA), we may soon be able to detect signals from an alien civilization communicating with a spacecraft. »
” The project involved the work of undergraduate students in the REU program (Research experience for undergraduates2023 from Siti Institute. The students looked for signals from man-made orbiters around Mars to see if the system could accurately detect the signals. It was an interesting way to engage students in modern CT research. », adds Sofia Shaikh, a researcher at the Siti Institute.
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Magazine in September 1959 The nature published a visionary article by Giuseppe Cocconi, who was instrumental in establishing the Proton Synchrotron at CERN, and Philip Morrison, a participant in the Manhattan Project. Its title, The search for interstellar communications, would become known in the abbreviated form, viz., whistle.
The two physicists reasoned: If there are advanced extraterrestrial civilizations in the galaxy, they could communicate with each other or with their colonies using radio waves. Considering the wavelength most suitable for long-distance transmission of a clear signal, despite the galactic radio background noise, they concluded that the most suitable radio band is narrow around a wavelength of 21 cm.
In addition, this band corresponds to the so-called hyperfine transition in the neutral hydrogen atom, the most abundant element in the universe. It was therefore a good way to establish a standard of communication, which any advanced civilization would naturally adopt.
A young radio astronomer, Frank Drake, then came to similar conclusions. Stationed at the Greenbank Radio Telescope, on April 8, 1960 he launched Project Ozma, named after a princess from the Land of Oz. Over a two-month period, Drake and his colleagues listened to the Sun-like stars, Tau Ceti and Epsilon Eridani, less than 15 light-years away with the Green Bank Radio Telescope.
The result was negative. Sixty years after Drake is still alive, the whistle program is still relevant. It received a significant boost in 2015 through Plans Breakthrough Initiative of billionaire Yuri Milner. At the time it was supported by Stephen Hawking as well as Kip Thorne, Nobel laureate in physics and the film’s scientific advisor. Interstellarand Carl Sagan’s widow Anne Druyan committed to giving $100 million over ten years to the whistleblower program.