2024 was full of news in astronomy and cosmology, as Futura recently reported, but without truly revolutionary discoveries. The news in physics has been sparse, but with some important events that can be considered a foreshadowing, because indeed, on June 7, 2024, the United Nations declared 2025 the International Year of Science and Technology. AIQ). According to the terminology used, there will therefore be activities at all levels aimed at increasing public awareness of the importance of quantum science and applications.
Interview with Louis de Broglie, 1967. © INA
From Louis de Broglie to John von Neumann
The years 1924 to 1926 saw the birth of quantum theory and especially with the discovery in 1925, first by Heisenberg, then by his collaborators. Max ByrneMax Byrne and Pascal Jordan, Principles of Matrix Quantum Mechanics. At the end of 1925, inspired by the ideas that Louis de Broglie had presented in his paper about a year earlier and of which EinsteinEinstein was advertised, Aaron SchrödingerAaron Schrödinger began his work on wave mechanics and in January 1926 began publishing his seminal articles with the equation that now bears his name and which would show that it was possible to find matrix mechanics on a more physical basis. has made
However, we would have to wait for von Neumann’s further mathematical work in his famous paper to arrive at a more rigorous and general understanding of this equation a few years later. On the physics side, the papers that became increasingly authoritative during the 1930s were those of Pauli and Dirac. In Soviet Russia, it was the work of Vladimir Folk who played this role in the same years.
By Jean Dalibard, Chair of Atoms and Influence at the Collège de France. In 1924, Louis de Broglie hypothesized that every particle of matter has a wave nature. Einstein was enthusiastic and de Broglie won the Nobel Prize in 1929. Today this discovery has tangible applications, from electronic components to future “quantum computers”. In 1924, in his doctoral thesis, Louis de Broglie hypothesized that a wave could be associated with every material particle. Upon learning of this, an excited Einstein announced that de Broglie had “ A corner of the central curtain was raised Five years later, it won its author the Nobel Prize in Physics. For his discovery of the wave nature of the electron “Louis de Broglie’s conceptual breakthroughs played a fundamental role in the development of quantum physics, which now governs our understanding of the microscopic world and is the basis for countless applications, including the electronic components we use every day. From these to the hypothetical “quantum computer.” © National Library of France BnF
The Quantum Information Revolution
This is the first quantum revolution, which will lead both theoretically and practically. LaserLaseriIRMIRM and electronics of SemiconductorsSemiconductors. The second quantum revolution is happening under us. The eyesThe eyes With the development of quantum computing and the hopes placed in it Quantum computersQuantum computers.
This second revolution is particularly based on the trend ofQuantum entanglementQuantum entanglement And discoveries made on the subject 60 years ago. SaranSaran equal John BellJohn Bell. This was brilliantly illustrated by the announcement of quantum chip performance at the end of 2024. GoogleGoogle.
Quantum entanglement is one of the most fascinating phenomena in modern physics. In the 1930s, it was the subject of heated debate between two giants of physics: Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr. For Einstein, entanglement, which seemingly magically binds distant particles together, is a flaw in quantum theory and proof that it is incomplete. For Bohr, entanglement is very real and forces us to accept the idea that separate quantum objects can form an indivisible whole. But, due to a lack of experimental evidence and concrete scientific applications, the Bohr-Einstein debate went unnoticed for nearly 30 years… Part 1 of a documentary devoted to the history of quantum entanglement. With the participation of: Alain Spect (Charles Fabry Laboratory of the Optical Institute), Sarah Dickey (Quantum Materials and Phenomena Laboratory), Philippe Granger (Charles Fabry Laboratory of the Optical Institute), Franck Lalou (Castler Laboratory Brussels), Perola Milman (Quantum Materials and Phenomena Laboratory). © Twin Photons
Farewell to Peter Higgs and Didier Lavaart
John Bell’s work, which has since become famous, was published in 1964 while researchers were stationed at CERN, which also celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2024. Remarkably, it is also Louis de Broglie.Louis de Broglie. who played an important role in its foundation which dates back to 1954.
Equally remarkable is that it was in 1964. Peter HughesPeter Hughes suggests the existence of its famous. BossonBossonPeter Higgs who unfortunately leaves us in 2024 with another Nobel Prize in Physics.
Saran’s story began 70 years ago. A little introduction. To get a fairly accurate French translation, click on the white rectangle at the bottom right. Then the English subtitles should appear. Then click on the nut to the right of the rectangle, then on “Subtitles” and finally on “Auto-Translate”. Select “French”. © Cern
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics is also at an intersection with the fieldCome onCome on And the international opening of a competitor or more precisely a complementary, Russian “ВЯЗОВ” prize.
2024 also marked an opportunity to remember disappearances or significant disappearances and the one that saddened Futura the most was undoubtedly the death of Didier Lauwaert, but 2024 was also an opportunity to remember the passing of Cécile DeWitt-Morette. .
